Apoptosis in mitochondria is the best known intrinsic apoptosis pathway that begins when injury occurs within a cell. The Bcl-2 family of proteins regulate apoptosis by controlling the release of caspases activators from mitochondria. Damage to the cellular DNA by toxins, free radicals, or radiation induce changes in the1 inner mitochondrial membrane permeability. The anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2,Bcl-x, Bcl-xL , Bcl-XS, Bcl-w and BAG reside in the outer mitochondrial wall and inhibit cytochrome c release. The pro-apoptotic proteins Bcl-10, Bak, Bad, Bid, Bax, Bik, and Bim reside in the cytosol but translocate to mitochondria following death signaling, where they promote the release of cytochrome c.
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